No, he is American. He never claimed his Kenyan citizenship, and the chance to expired in 1982... But still, with American policy/practice, up to 1986 (though the policy was changed in 1989 - can't remember exactly what it's called), a child born of two races was given the race of the non-white parent. So, realalisticly, he could have white skin, but still have been labeled as a black.
I think it was in 1989 the policy was changed to 1986 to line up with the citizenship status stuff. something along those lines. I can't remember what it was that changed it though exactly... (cut me a little slack, I was only 5 in 1989 afterall)
I got several hits on race applying to census numbers, but didn't find anything on race determination. I heard years ago that 1/8 or maybe 1/4 could qualify race as the smaller percentage. Don't Indians (feather not dot) only have to prove a small percentage to receive Indian $tatu$?
From what I can tell in all my searches over the past few years, it's almost impossible to find some policy changes that aren't "big" policy changes... and I don't think this one would have mustered much in 1989. I've read in footnotes mostly, but never have found the actual policy.
tribes make up their own rules, and the government has their own rules too.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_quantum_laws
Up untill this election, in places like Harlem, Philly, and Detrot, if you were from Africa and became a citizen or your parents were African and you were born here you could not call yourself African-American. There have been stories published about how black students would attack (physically and verbally) the African students because they were not REAL African-Americans (i.e. Black and from the inner city). Racial taunts were used to talk down on those students who were the same skin color as the black students, but who's only difference was that they could accuratly trace where in Africa they came from.
I am sure this is still going on, but since President Obama is truely African-American, nothing will be reported on this.
So, realalisticly, he could have white skin, but still have been labeled as a black.
Among other things!!!
Funny story I read in the paper several years ago was about a black couple who went in the hospital to have a baby. Well, the baby was born and was white. The husband was livid because he thought his wife had cheated on him. DNA tests showed that it was his baby, so he calmed down. They did some research and found that one of their (can't remember which) great, great grandfathers was white and apparently that gene had been dormant for years.